2016年3月29日 星期二

Reason in Human Affairs By Herbert A Simon 的翻譯討論

Audiovisual Materials

http://www.oac.cdlib.org/view?docId=kt6f59s2z3;developer=local;style=oac4;doc.view=items

1982 年在史坦福大學的講座*
在網路可以聽到第3講 "社會事務的理性過程" 前46分鐘的錄音檔


j*Background
The Harry Camp Memorial Fund was established in 1956 by friends and associates of Harry Camp. A prominent businessman and philanthropist in San Francisco, Camp was described as a "gentle and wise humanitarian." The fund brings outstanding speakers to the University for public lectures and promotes the study of "the concept of the dignity and the worth of the individual." The Camp Lectures are presented every other year.


此講座出書:注意,書名比遠講明更簡潔有力。
  • 1983. Reason in Human Affairs, Stanford University Press. A readable 115pp. book on human decision-making and information processing, based on lectures he gave at Stanford in 1982. A popular presentation of his technical work.
台灣中國都有一份翻譯書。

林鍾沂譯 《人類事務的理性》台北:森大,1988 (本文稱為林譯本)
汪永祺先生也有一份翻譯稿,約1999交給我。 (手稿本稱為汪譯本)
這兩本的翻譯錯誤很多,只舉主要的問題。
...certainly the hopes we hold out for reason in our world today are much more modest. (p.3 全書第一段) 
(這是說,當今我們不會像18世紀理性時代的人,認為只要靠理性用心去思考,就可以解決世間萬事。) 今天我們對理性所抱的希望,確定遠比前人的來得謙遜得多。

林譯本:......。無庸置疑的,今天在這個世界上支持理性的熱望可謂相當的普遍。 (頁 一)
汪譯本:......;但時至今日,我們對唯理是從的堅持倒確然本分得多了。 (我看了幾遍才知道"唯理是從"加引號比較清楚。)


第1章的標題就費思量:
1. Alternative Visions of Rationality
林譯本:不同的理性觀
汪譯本:理性世界大觀
他倆都將 VISION 翻譯成"觀"。又,Alternative 在管理科學等偏向"備選(方案)"。


 1《最近物理學概觀》44—45頁。
  心的旅行又不以表面的物質世界為限!它用實實在在的一支鋼筆,在實實在在的白瑞典紙簿上一張張寫著日記;它馬上就能看出鋼筆与白紙只是若干若 干的微點,叫做電子的——各電子間有許多的空隙,比各電子的總積還大。這正像一張“有結而無線的网”1



The ABC Of Atoms (9781409791218): Bertrand Russell ...


2016年3月26日 星期六

Accreditation Council ;《艾蜜莉.狄金生詩選》印刷錯行


對全國受訓醫師制定規則的美國畢業後醫學教育評鑑委員會(Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, ACGME)對受訓醫師制定了一套每班工時上限24小時及每週上限80小時的規定。過去每班36小時及每週100小時的工時規定消逝了,而他們也希望:隨之而來的危險疏失也同樣消逝。
accreditation
  1. 学力認定
  1. 《名詞》認定,認可
  1. 3 〈学校・大学などを〉一定の基準を満たしていると認定[認可]する.


認定

確定的認為。文明小史˙第四十回:「堂倌見他們雜七雜八,穿的衣服不中不西,就認定是學堂裡出來的書獃子。」
法律上指未證明事實的真相,推定為或然者,稱為「認定」。


*****

謹以此note紀念 十多年前 一群朋友的談論艾蜜莉.狄金生的詩之翻譯,請參考:
http://hcbooks.blogspot.tw/2015/05/emily-dickinson.html

Emily Dickinson: "We Grow Accustomed to the Dark," is put in motion. "My friends are my 'estate.' Forgive me then the avarice to hoard them."



Emily Dickinson《艾蜜莉.狄金生詩選》George Lytle,董恆秀譯,台北::貓頭鷹出版社,2000
第313頁談下首詩:起碼有一處嚴重錯誤:中文錯行:(不論版本的不同標點)


Part Four: Time and Eternity

CXLI
ON this wondrous sea,
  Sailing silently,
Knowest thou the shore
  Ho! pilot, ho!
Where no breakers roar,        5
  Where the storm is o’er?

在眾帆歇息 (sic)
In the silent west
錨繫穩住 (sic)
Many sails at rest,
安詳的西方 (sic)
  Their anchors fast;
Thither I pilot thee,—        10
Land, ho! Eternity!
  Ashore at last!


應該是:

安詳的西方
 In the silent west
在眾帆歇息
Many sails at rest,
錨繫穩住
Their anchors fast

台灣電影名都是「玩命、終極、追殺、決戰」,Otouto 中文片名的翻譯【春之櫻】過份想當然爾

【電影翻譯「撞名」無上限】
/在台灣,外語片的翻譯由片商決定,翻譯種類繁多,不論是直譯(如《Shrek 史瑞克》)、流行用語翻譯(如《Three Days to Kill 特務殺很大》)還是依劇情翻譯(如《Princess Diaries 麻雀變公主》)等等,台灣片商都抓緊一個原則「市場考量至上」,為了方便常取一些適用於商業推銷的片名。正因如此,台灣片名翻譯常背離電影本意,甚至出現了菜市仔翻譯名。
什麼是菜市仔翻譯名?例如「玩命」、「當家」、「第六感」、「決戰」、「追殺」、「星際」、「終極」等等⋯⋯/
片商市場至上的思維,或許能在自由作風的台灣造成話題性,衝高票房…
由 HK.THENEWSLENS.COM 上傳


2012.4.22談片名的翻譯總是"隨他們去標新立異"
罷了
英文片名翻譯值得參考





 含淚看完

 午夜補前幾分鐘未看的 婚禮是在Okura Hotel 舉行 拜其大哥之幫忙 旅館內有教堂 這我倒不知道

Storyline

Ginko seems to be living the good life: She's the respectable owner of a neighborhood drug store in Tokyo, and her daughter Koharu is about to get married to a doctor. However, Koharu's wedding day also brings homes Ginko's younger brother Tetsuro, a failed actor and a hard drinker who shows up causing trouble. Having covered for him all her life, Ginko is ready to disown her burdensome younger brother, but some things are easier said than done...

BERLIN -- "They don't make 'em like this anymore," is what one would say about "About Her Brother" ("Otouto"), Yoji Yamada's first contemporary drama in a decade, about a widow's bottomless love for her prodigal brother and other lives touched by her kindness. Only Yamada, 79 and director of more than 70 films, has the confidence, craft and cache to make it so orthodox and melodramatic, and still claim a Closing Film slot at Berlinale. Invitations to other big festivals will follow suit, with sales most ripe in Asian markets with a "Tora-san" fanbase, especially Taiwan.

中文片名的翻譯過份想當然爾

Otouto (Japanese) A word in the Japanese language often meaning 'younger brother'.

【春之櫻】




■ 播出時間:4/22(週日)中午12點半首播/晚間12點重播
《春之櫻:吟子和她的弟弟》是日本國寶級導演山田洋次的第81部作品,拍攝這部影片是為了向已故導演前輩市川崑致敬。1960年市川崑曾拍攝過同名電影《弟弟》,但是山田導演的新作並不是一次重拍,而是賦予現代元素的重新詮釋。

2016年3月25日 星期五

epitomized America at its best. To build the collection was as much a means as an end



http://artouch.com/artouch2/content.aspx?aid=2016032414613&catid=01
末段的英文有錯,正確為:
To build the collection was as much a mean (sic 應該是 means ) as an end.
這是談收藏既是手段也是目的 (a means as well as an end),此處 an end 竟然翻譯成"結束"。

2012年6月12日,M+視覺文化博物館(以下簡稱M+)收到了建館藏品,瑞士籍著名收藏家烏利.希克(Uli…
ARTOUCH.COM|由典藏藝術網 ARTOUCH.COM 上傳



******
he epitomized America at its best  他是美國極盛期的一個典型人物。






'My House. My Dream. It Was All an Illusion.'
彭博報導,英特爾執行長科再奇(Brian Krzanich)在公司官網聲明說:「英特爾前董事長與執行長葛洛夫辭世,我們深感難過。」他說:「葛洛夫讓不可能變成可能,一次又一次,激勵好幾代技術專家、企業家與企業領導人。」
Andy Grove was one of the giants of the technology world. He loved our country and epitomized America at its best. Rest in peace.
— Tim Cook (@tim_cook) 2016年3月22日蘋果執行長庫克在推特(Twitter)說:「葛洛夫是科技界數一數二的巨人。他熱愛我們的國家,並激勵美國呈現最好的一面,願您安息。」http://technews.tw/2016/03/22/andy-grove-intel-pass-away/ (hc評:翻譯不佳)


我在2008年的一則英文筆記:

Latina's Loss in Va. Epitomizes Mortgage Crisis

(By Brigid Schulte, The Washington Post)一個文人典型的消逝【黃碧端/聯合報2008.03.19-20】

The loss of an epitome of Chinese writer and translator: George Kao


epitome 
━━ n. 典型; 代表的なもの; 縮図; 摘要.
 e・pit・o・mize ━━ vt. 要約する; (…の特徴を)集約する.


noun
the epitome of sth the typical or highest example of a stated quality, as shown by a particular person or thing:
Even now in her sixties, she is the epitome of French elegance.

epitomizeUK USUALLY epitomise
verb [T]
to be a perfect example of a quality or type of thing:
With little equipment and unsuitable footwear, she epitomizes the inexperienced and unprepared mountain walker.

(from Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary)

2016年3月24日 星期四

terrorism不是恐怖主義 ;alcoholism 是酗酒; syllogism非連珠;






12年前討論過 "-ism"的翻譯

布魯塞爾恐襲暴露了比利時安保機構的短板,更令人擔憂的是,富有同情心的、開放的歐洲正在為恐怖分子團伙形成、躲藏和行動提供土壤。在恐怖主義面前,歐洲是孱弱的。



terrorism 

Pronunciation: /ˈtɛrərɪzəm/ 


NOUN

[MASS NOUN]
The unlawful use of violence and intimidation, especially against civilians, in the pursuit of political aims:the fight against terrorisminternational terrorism

Origin

Late 18th century (in reference to the rule of the Jacobin faction during the the period of the French Revolution known as the Terror): from French terrorisme, from Latin terror (seeterror)..

  1. [名詞]
  2. 1 テロリズム,テロ行為.
  3. 2 テロによる恐怖状態.
  4. 3 恐怖政治.


In Search Of Alcoholism Genes 尋找酗酒基因



這alcoholism是對酒有依賴的 有酒精中毒症的
([名][U]アルコール依存症, アルコール中毒(症).)

酗酒的一說只是"飲酒無節制"。(儒林外史˙第十八回:「你既是生員,如何黑夜酗酒!帶著送在儒學去!」) 似乎還沒到alcoholism 之程度.....


 syllogism非連珠
饒宗頤:《澄心論萃》胡曉明編(上海文藝出版社,1996 ,第54則 頁132-35


討論syllogism的翻譯, 指出嚴復將其格義為"連珠"是錯誤的。


syllogism[syl・lo・gism]

  • 発音記号[sílədʒìzm]

[名]
1 《論理学》三段論法;[U]演繹(えんえき)的推理[推論].
2 きわめて手のこんだ議論[考え方].

曾將所謂三段論syllogism 翻譯成推論




syllogism

Pronunciation: /ˈsɪləˌdʒɪz(ə)m/

Definition of syllogism

noun

  • an instance of a form of reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from two given or assumed propositions (premises); a common or middle term is present in the two premises but not in the conclusion, which may be invalid (e.g. all dogs are animals; all animals have four legs; therefore all dogs have four legs).
  • [mass noun] deductive reasoning as distinct from induction.

 2. 連珠
 注音一式 ㄌ|ㄢˊ ㄓㄨ
 漢語拼音 li n zh  注音二式 li n j 
連珠體的別名。見「連珠體」條。
一種修辭方法。是以每一句結尾的語詞,作為下一句的開頭,使兩句之間環環相扣,如珠鍊串在一起般,故稱為「連珠」。
比喻密集而連續不斷。薛仁貴征遼事略:「百姓連珠兒納喊,太宗喝采不迭。」文明小史˙第五十六回:「甲營埋伏盡起,槍聲如連珠一般。」


 1. 推論
 注音一式 ㄊㄨㄟ ㄌㄨㄣˋ
 漢語拼音 tu  l n 注音二式 tu i lu n
 相似詞 引申 相反詞 
推求討論。孔子家語˙卷二˙致思:「陳說其間,推論利害。」三國志˙卷十三˙魏書˙王朗傳˙裴松之˙注引魏略:「帝每與夏推論書傳,未嘗不終日也。」

傅東華《飄》等


 傅東華1893-1971)是1930年代活躍於大陸的左傾文人,生前譯作等身,譯風不拘,文類跨小說、詩歌、戲劇、文學理論,雖然終其一生未曾踏上台灣寶島,然其譯作卻在台灣廣為流傳,包括《飄》、亞里斯多德《詩學》(Ars Poetica)、荷馬《奧德賽》(Odyssey)和《伊利亞德》(Iliad)、米爾頓《失樂園》、塞萬提斯《吉訶德先生傳》(Don Quixote)、霍桑《猩紅文》(The Scarlet Letter……等,共計20種。然而,由於受政治因素所囿,台灣出版傅東華譯作時,大多未署名,或署以「顧隱」、「傅均」等假名。*---Miss Luffa: 【譯評】《飄》洋過海,在台生根missluffa.blogspot.com/2013/06/blog-post_17.html
*值得研究的名譯人。

《飄‧譯序》(1940.9.15):
.......我的目的是在求忠實於全書的趣味精神,不在求忠實於一枝一節。......說我某字某句譯錯了,那我預先在這裡心領謹謝。
......改為《飄》,"飄"的本意為"迴風",就是"暴風"**。原名wind 本屬廣義,....指"暴風"而說的;"飄"又有"飄揚"、"飄逝"之義,又把 Gone的意味也包含在內。***.....


**(1)〔飄風〕旋風,暴風。也單用作“飄”。《爾雅‧釋天》:“迴風為飄。”郭璞注:“旋風也。”《詩‧小雅‧何人斯》:“彼何人斯,其為飄風,胡不自北,胡不自南。”毛傳:“飄風,暴起之風。”《漢書‧蒯通傳》:“天下之士雲合霧集,魚鱗雜襲,飄至風起。”顏師古注:“飄謂疾風。”--飄,http://chinese-watch.blogspot.tw/2010/10/blog-post_5748.html

*** https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind

The title Mitchell finally chose is from the first line of the third stanza of the poem Non Sum Qualis Eram Bonae sub Regno Cynarae by Ernest Dowson:

I have forgot much, Cynara! gone with the wind,
Flung roses, roses riotously with the throng,
Dancing, to put thy pale, lost lilies out of mind...[7]
Scarlett O'Hara uses the title phrase when she wonders to herself if her home on a plantation called "Tara" is still standing or if it is "gone with the wind which had swept through Georgia."[8] In a general sense, the title is a metaphor for the departure of a way of life that existed in the South prior to the Civil War. When taken in the context of Dowson's poem about "Cynara", the phrase "gone with the wind" alludes to erotic loss.[9] The poem expresses the regrets of someone who has lost his passionate feelings for his "old passion", Cynara.[10]Dowson's Cynara, a name that comes from the Greek word for artichoke, represents a lost love.[11]



參考
http://hcbooks.blogspot.tw/2015/01/gone-with-wind-scarlett-ohara.html
我在另外一文說日本人對《飄》的研究很深入,因為原書可讀出時代的社會、經濟、種族....的問題。


英文:
http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks02/0200161.txt

網路閱讀
http://www.b111.net/novel/9/9032/index.html


Scarlett O'Hara was not beautiful, but men seldom realized it when
caught by her charm as the Tarleton twins were.  In her face were
too sharply blended the delicate features of her mother, a Coast
aristocrat of French descent, and the heavy ones of her florid
Irish father.  But it was an arresting face, pointed of chin,
square of jaw.  Her eyes were pale green without a touch of hazel,
starred with bristly black lashes and slightly tilted at the ends.
Above them, her thick black brows slanted upward, cutting a
startling oblique line in her magnolia-white skin--that skin so
prized by Southern women and so carefully guarded with bonnets,
veils and mittens against hot Georgia suns.

  思嘉-奧哈拉長得並不漂亮,但是男人們像塔爾頓家那對孿生兄弟為她的魅力所迷住時,就不會這樣想了。她臉上有著兩種特徵,一種是她母親的嬌柔,來自法蘭西血統的海濱貴族;一種是她父親的粗獷,來自浮華俗氣的愛爾蘭人,這兩種特徵混在一起顯得不太協調,但這張臉上尖尖的下巴和四方的牙床骨,是很引人注意的,她那雙淡綠色的眼睛純淨得沒有一絲褐色,配上烏黑的睫毛和翹起的眼角,顯得韻味十足,上面是兩條墨黑的濃眉斜在那裡,給她木蘭花般白皙的肌膚劃上十分分明的斜線,這樣白皙的皮膚對南方婦女是極其珍貴的。她們常常用帽子、面紗和手套把皮膚保護起來,以防受到佐治亞炎熱太陽的暴曬。

2016年3月22日 星期二

談傅譯、嚴譯Bid Adieu to Girlish Days (From Chamber Music by James Joyce)




Click to play music clip of track 1

From CD #1:
Bid Adieu to Girlish Days

Musical arrangement by Edmund Pendleton;
words and air by James Joyce

Song Lyrics

From Chamber Music by James Joyce
 

XI
Bid adieu, adieu, adieu,*
Bid adieu to girlish days,
Happy Love is come to woo
Thee and woo thy girlish ways —
The zone that doth become thee fair,
The snood upon thy yellow hair.
When thou hast heard his name upon
The bugles of the cherubim
Begin thou softly to unzone
Thy girlish bosom unto him
And softly to undo the snood
That is the sign of maidenhood.

*To be pronounced "adioo" by the singer, according to Pendleton, since that is how Joyce pronounced it.
請欣賞"歌聲":Bid Adieu to Girlish Days - James Joyce Music in Ulysses
柔情的告別青春之歌。








我見過這首詩的兩種漢譯,差別頗大。
一是【喬伊斯詩全集】傅浩譯,河北教育,2002,頁17,

另外是【我們的一生】The Art of Becoming Human By MARY E. MERCER,  嚴韻譯,台北:一方,2002,頁108-109

            girlish     maidenhood  unzone   zone        snood
傅譯    少女        處女童真     敞開         腰帶       髮帶
嚴譯   小女孩      少女            敞開          束胸      髮網



 James Joyce 的girlish 取直接多義的girl 加ish,
http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/girl

 似乎不是一般說法:http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/girlish


snood 台灣稱"髮網",不過,在Joyce 家鄉,另有說法:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snood_(headgear)
       "...Thus, the phrase "The lassie lost her silken snood" would have been used to signify that she was no longer a virgin, yet not a wife...."
Bid Adieu to Girlish Days - James Joyce Music in Ulysses
傅譯了解這,所以稱為"處女童貞的標誌"。嚴譯為"少女的徵象"。

標點重要,它們也是作者思想方式之反映


HC:我認為你喜歡將原書的句點化為逗點,這有何好處?我認為缺點是您可能誤解語氣/思考方式,如"....If the artistic quality..."
朋友:關於標點,我接受余光中的說法:英文標點根據文法、中文標點根據語氣。所以中譯標點和英文不太相同(反過來,中譯英時標點要照英文規則,也和中文不同)。
HC:我覺得余光中的理解力太淺薄。L. Carroll和許多作者是思考受過訓練的"教授"。 標點是作者思想方式之反映。



《理性真理與歷史》 "Putnam, Hilary - Reason, Truth And History"

中國的網頁:作者 : (美)希拉里・普特南 

出版社:上海譯文出版社原作名: Reason, Truth, and History  (sic)譯者 : 童世駿 / 李光程出版年: 2005-5 頁數: 285 定價: 25.00元裝幀:平裝叢書: 

標點:Victor Borge: Phonetic punctuation; interrobang, a question-exclamation hybrid;標點符號二書: Eats, Shoots & Leaves: The Zero Tolerance Approach to Punctuation; The New Well Tempered Sentence: A Punctuation Handbook for the Innocent, the Eager, and the Doomed

http://hcbooks.blogspot.tw/2009/02/new-well-tempered-sentence-punctuation.html




*****
借小邱簡短扼要的介紹,分享諸友,懷念 Lynn Miles 。安息!這場與邪惡搏鬥的仗,您已打過了!此刻我以播放 J. Brahms 的德文安魂曲送行。Brahms 在終曲用啟示錄第14章第13節:「我聽見從天上有聲音說,你要寫下,從今以後,在主裡面而死的人有福了。聖靈說,是的,他們息了自己的勞苦,作工的果效也隨著他們 。」結束全曲。Lynn Miles,感謝你對台灣的勞苦! 


比較:我比較喜歡的版本:思高聖經
http://www.catholic.org.tw/bible/
若望默示錄 Revelation


13 以後,我聽見有聲音從天上說:「你寫下:『從今而後,凡在主內死去的,是有福的!』的確,聖神說,讓他們勞苦之後安息罷,因為他們的功行常隨著他們。」

******

正解:「台灣迎向挑戰—打造亞洲新價值的典範」(Taiwan Meeting the Challenges:Crafting a Model of New Asian Value)



蔡英文戰略與國際研究中心(CSIS)發表演說
主題:「台灣迎向挑戰—打造亞洲新價值的典範」(Taiwan Meeting the ChallengesCrafting a Model of New Asian Value)。
蔡英文演說中提到,台灣面對各種國內外挑戰,從自由民主受到侵蝕,到維持台灣經濟自主的不確定性與日俱增,都必須要作好應對的準備,但她認為,台灣在因應挑戰的方式,實際上也是在打造亞洲新價值典範的過程。

而這新價值的主要內涵,包括了參與式民主、公平分配與社會正義、以創新為基礎的經濟,以及積極和平的外交作為。
演說中她將進一步闡述亞洲新價值的各項內涵。
在民主參與的部分,當許多亞洲國家人民仍在威權統治之下,台灣已經為建立民主感到自豪,並珍惜爭取而來的權利及自由。
就公平正義與經濟創新的部分,面對全球化的造成的分配不均問題,民進黨已經準備推動台灣經濟發展新模式,邁向以創新、就業及公平分配為基礎的新經濟,同時積極構建以社區為基礎的社會安全網,以補救傳統式家庭為主的照顧網絡,作為創新、永續、分配與社會正義的重要機制。
在積極和平外交部分,當亞洲面臨民族主義、擴張主義、以及軍事衝突的日増威脅時,台灣將以奉獻及分享的精神,來締造區域的和平與穩定。
蔡英文認為,在打造亞洲新價值模式的過程中,台灣可以做為一個典範和鼓舞力量,以亞洲新價值照亮台灣,也照亮亞洲。
在此一演說中,蔡英文還將陳述台灣現階段所面對的民主、經濟與社會等層面挑戰及對策,並進一步提出在國家安全、對美外交、國際參與及兩岸關係的主張。


***
  • Durant, Will (2014) Fallen Leaves. Simon and Schuster 這是威爾杜蘭九十多歲時寫的最後一部書,過世後一段日子才被找到。台北:?? 2015  
  • Durant, Will and Durant, Ariel

2015.6.4
有沒有人知道BBH是什麼?
Dr. Durant also is planning something tentatively entitled
“Fallen Leaves.” “In which I propose—perhaps with Ariel’s
help—to answer all the important questions—simply, fairly
and imperfectly,” he said.
B.B.H. Independent, Tuesday, November 6, 1975

(這引來許多不必要的猜測......)

其實正確標點是:
B.B.H. Independent, Tuesday, November 6, 1975

表示"B.B.H. Independent "是報紙,不可拆開來談。

*****

-----2013
原作的標點是很重要的。 上周(2013.8)我介紹

In Memory of Sigmund Freud. by W. H. Auden

 這首名詩 In Memory of Sigmund Freud. by W. H. Auden ,其實也不難懂。請特別注意它的標點符號,  尤其冒號和分號。這些是原作者的思想。
它是有漢譯的。不過,如果這都讀不懂,漢文可能更不容易懂.....。


本周:
第16頁的 拉飛爾作品,可參考:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Madama
中文將第三卷1540/84 的"單位"搞錯: 翻譯成"年"。 其實,這"/"可能指"or" , 即該卷書的第1540頁或1584頁。  參考:  Punctuation Marks - Guide to Grammar and Writing
Palladio and Palladianism 帕拉底歐與帕拉底歐風



*****2015.6.6



最近才慢慢體會「離權力愈近,離自己愈遠」的名言!這會讓我懷念起大衞、梭羅這位美國作家;想一想,我受他的影響太深了,骨子裡都充滿他的理念:Simplicity! Simplicity!

亨利·戴維·梭羅(Henry David...
ZH.WIKIPEDIA.ORG



compliance 中日台譯法

The ZTE document details how F7 recruited compliance experts and placed them in its joint ventures as part of efforts to mitigate its risks. It says that the company recruited one “senior export control compliance specialist from Texas Instruments” and a “Chinese-American attorney who is familiar with the related laws in the U.S.”
中興的文件詳細講述了F7如何聘用合規專家,並將他們安置在合資企業,以此作為減少風險的舉措的一部分。文件稱,該公司聘用了「德州儀器(Texas Instruments)的資深出口管制合規專員」及一名「熟悉美國相關法律的美國華人律師」。
















At a minimum, the Obama administration is preparing to set yearly fuel-economy standards that will lead to compliance with the Energy Act of 2007, which sets a fuel-economy goal for 2020.


Officials have come knocking on parents’ doors day and night. They are so intent on getting parents to comply that in one case, a mayor offered to pay the airfare of a mother who left the province so she could return to sign the contract, the mother said.
Google Aims to Protect YouTube Users
Lawyers for Google asked Viacom for permission to better hide information that might help identify YouTube users before Google complies with a judge's demand that it hand over YouTube "user logs" to Viacom.



現在,防止洗錢(anti money-laundering)或內線交易的法令日多,即「遵循(法令)成本」(compliance cost)日高。(regulator compliance 法令遵循主管;chief compliance officer首席法令遵守官員)
WSJ的說法:
Demand Rises for Bank Compliance Officials
Demand for compliance executives is soaring, and banks are paying top dollar to recruit experienced talent in an effort to keep up with numerous anti money-laundering requirements imposed on financial institutions.
經濟學:Tax compliance 守法納稅 




comply 
verb [I] FORMAL
to act according to an order, set of rules or request:
He's been ordered to have the dog destroyed because it's dangerous, but he refuses to comply.
There are serious penalties for failure to comply with the regulations.

compliance 
noun [U]
1 FORMAL when people obey an order, rule or request:
It is the job of the inspectors to enforce compliance with the regulations.
The company said that it had always acted in compliance with environmental laws.

2 MAINLY DISAPPROVING the tendency to be too willing to do what other people want you to do:
It's his compliance that amazes me.
compliance依照、一致;符合;守規性(compliancy;日文有時音譯為:コンプライアンス 本文多採 compliance法令遵守
與一般市民遵守法律作區別,企業活動方面的「法令遵守」或稱為Business Compliance「ビジネスコンプライアンス」)。
reliability compliance test可靠度適合試驗(統計學、生產自動化名詞)可靠性符合測試(電子計算機) 
電子計算機:regulatory compliance 法規符合性;regulator compliance法令遵循主管;chief compliance officer首席承諾官員;ANSIC compliance符合ANSI C規範
海事compliance with a warranty履行保證規定 non-compliance with a warranty未履行保證 
document of compliance符合證書
核能(原子能)certificate compliance合格證明