Ezechiel, Book of ：厄則克耳書；以西結書（基）：舊約先知書之一；厄則克耳為四大先知之一，首先預言以民因敬拜邪神及不守主誡而招致天主的懲罰－聖城毀滅及流亡異國；直到他們悔改，才能回歸故里，重建家園。
2019年2月24日 星期日
Ezechiel, Book of
Ezechiel, Book of ：厄則克耳書；以西結書（基）：舊約先知書之一；厄則克耳為四大先知之一，首先預言以民因敬拜邪神及不守主誡而招致天主的懲罰－聖城毀滅及流亡異國；直到他們悔改，才能回歸故里，重建家園。
2019年2月22日 星期五
翻譯； the pleasures of translation．村上春樹．賴明珠：香港出版的村上春樹更接近原版 -【明報專訊】
Roland Kelts talks to the novelist about his legacy, his critics and the pleasures of translation
cardinal sin:過猶不及
Born in poverty in Shantung, Confucius rose to become a major administrator in his native state. In 496 bc he began a period of wandering with the intention of persuading the various rulers he came among to practice his moral doctrines. Settling once more he became the most celebrated teacher of poetry, history, and moral philosophy of Chinese history. His sayings were collected by pupils in the Lun Yü or Analects, which form the principal source for his philosophy.
too far is as bad as not enough (idiom, from the Analects) 中文翻译和定义 "too far is as bad as not enough (idiom, from the Analects)", 英文-中文 字典 在线too far is as bad as not enough (idiom, from the Analects)
**** 紐約時報 每日一詞 ：Cardinal sin | 同性戀神父犯下了什麼“罪”？ |
耗時兩個月、踏足全美13州，時報記者採訪了20多名同性戀神父，報導了這一群體在天主教會的艱難處境 ，包括早年間公開“出櫃”的格瑞坦神父。一些人指責他鑄下大錯(committed the cardinal sin)，打開了人們爭論的大門。 |
Cardinal sin是天主教中“主罪、大罪”的意思，通常包含代表著教徒重大惡行的“七宗罪”，如今也指廣義上“無法原諒、嚴重的過失”。在這一固定搭配中，cardinal取的是形容詞意，表示“主要的、首要的”；用作名詞時，該詞指協助教宗治理教會的主教。 |
天主教認為，同性戀是極度骯髒和可恥的。對同性戀神父來說，他們的生存和信仰所託之地，某種程度上成了“牢籠”。教會性侵醜聞仍在不斷曝光，而保守派教會高層竟長期將同性戀者當成替罪羊。比起性取向，這才是更可怕、更具威脅性的“主罪”。 |
cardinal sin
Dictionary result for cardinal sin
noun
- (in Christian tradition) any of the seven deadly sins.
- HUMOROUSa serious error of judgement.
"he committed the cardinal sin of criticizing his teammates"
The seven deadly sins, also known as the capital vices or cardinal sins, is a grouping and classification of vices within Christian teachings. Behaviours or habits are classified under this category if they directly give birth to other immoralities. Wikipedia
sins, capital ：七罪宗；罪源：各種罪惡的源頭，可歸納為七項，即驕傲 pride 、慳吝 covetousness/avarice 、迷色 lust 、貪饕 gluttony 、嫉妒 envy 、忿怒 anger 、懶惰 sloth 。又稱七死罪 deadly sins, seven 。
cardinal ：樞機；樞機主教；紅衣主教；教廷大臣：樞機本意為樞紐、關鍵、重要之意。樞機主教是教宗之下，教會最高的聖職幕僚，俗稱教會親王。這些才德兼備的教會菁英，是由教宗親自甄選，協助教宗管理普世教會的事務。教宗出缺時，按法律只有他們才有權選舉教宗。因戴紅帽、穿紅衣之故，又稱紅衣主教。共分三級：主教級、司鐸級、執事級（法典 349-350 ）。古時曾有俗人擔任樞機者，後來 1917 年公佈的教會法典規定須是神父，實際上現在都由主教擔任。中國歷任的樞機依次為北平總教區田耕莘（ 1945 ）、南京總教區於斌（ 1969 ）、香港教區胡振中（ 1988 ）、上海教區龔品梅（ 1991 ）、高雄教區單國璽（ 1998 ）。
2019年2月21日 星期四
2019年2月19日 星期二
Mit und Gegen . Karl Lagerfeld ließ sich nie vom Modezirkus verrückt machen.
Mit und Gegen
google With and against
*****
dw:
Karl Lagerfeld ließ sich nie vom Modezirkus verrückt machen. Seine Worte waren nicht immer nett, aber auf unnachahmliche Art ehrlich.
Facebook翻譯：🌹 karl拉格費爾德從不讓時尚馬戲團瘋狂. 他的話語並不總是很好, 但以一種的的方式.
讓Google翻譯成英文：Karl Lagerfeld never let the fashion circus drive him crazy. His words were not always nice, but honest in an inimitable way.
翻成中文： Karl Lagerfeld從不讓時尚馬戲團讓他瘋狂。 他的話並不總是很好，但以無法模仿的方式誠實。
2019年2月10日 星期日
Slang Origins by Woody Allen； Tom Wolfe 書名The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test的翻譯
湯姆·沃爾夫. 博聞網. （原始內容存檔於2013-07-26） （中文（中國大陸））改沒年
湯姆·沃爾夫（小托馬斯·肯納利·沃爾夫）（Tom Wolfe，1931-2018），美國記者、作家。他的報導風格大膽，以使用俚語、造詞和異端的標點為特徵。他對新聞運動影響深遠。沃爾夫的作品通過描述當時的時尚文化，熟練的捕捉到當時社會上人們的心態，諷刺性地描寫了美國社會。《電科爾援助者的嚴峻考驗》（The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test）*（1968年）是他最著名的小說之一，是他與肯·科塞、梅麗·普蘭克斯特等一群嬉皮士的旅行記錄。這本書描寫了一群嬉皮士通過吸毒、波希米亞式生活和穿越國家的旅行來尋找自我實現。
沃爾夫出生在弗吉尼亞州的里士滿，在華盛頓大學和李大學獲得學士學位，在耶魯大學獲得哲學博士學位。他的幾部書中都配有自己畫的插圖。
沃爾夫的散文集包括：《康提科洛舞薄橘型嬰孩》（The Kandy-Kolored Tangerine-Flake Streamline Baby）（1965年）、《水泵房幫》（1968年）、《新潮精緻的服侍和矛矛黨人的槍砲手》（Radical Chic and Mau-Mauing the Flak Catchers）（1970年）和《在我們的時代》（1980年）。《著色的世界》（1975年）和《從鮑豪斯建築學派到我們的房子》（1981年）是對現代藝術和現代建築的批評。小說《正確的素材》（1979年）和《虛榮的篝火》（1987年）改編成電影。《充實的男人》（1998年）是他最新的小說。
* 此書日譯本
- 『クール・クール LSD交感テスト』The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test (1968) 飯田隆昭訳 太陽社 1971
-----
《伍迪‧艾倫手札選粹》台北：頂淵，1988
這本218頁的書，全是方塊字，沒附英文，連末篇 Slang Origins都如此，真是天書。這本要英文很高段才可還原出原文......。
The collection Without Feathers by Woody Allen has a chapter titled Slang Origins which attempts to find humor in etymology with uneven success. I listened to Allen reading the chapter himself while I was driving yesterday (via an Audible audiobook on an iPhone bluetooth-connected to my car audio system). Without Feathers was published in 1975 so to some list members this report is 37 years out of date. I highly recommend Allen's reading of his short work "The Whore of Mensa" which is included in Without Feathers. http://www.newyorker.com/archive/1974/12/16/1974_12_16_037_TNY_CARDS_000311812
Slang Origins Summary
While this essay claims it will reveal the origins of certain slang expressions, the author freely admits that he didn't bother consulting a credible authority, relying instead on his own common sense and the opinions of friends.
The author claims that the phrase "humble pie" comes from France, where the minister of justice once suffocated, dying in humiliation while attempting to eat a huge "jumbo pie." The word "jumbo" eventually became "jumble" and that eventually became "humble" due to Spanish influence. Across the channel, meanwhile, the phrase "take it on the lam" was born from an English game called "lamming" in which people affixed feathers to themselves using a tube of ointment. The relationship to its modern use is unclear to the author.
To "get into a beef" comes from the Renaissance when, the author reveals, slabs of meat were used...
Slang Origins
by Woody Allen
How many of you have ever wondered where certain slang expressions come from? Like "She's the cat's pajamas," or to "take it on the lam." Neither have I. And yet for those who are interested in this sort of thing I have provided a brief guide to a few of the more interesting origins.
Unfortunately, time did not permit consulting any of the established works on the subject, and I was forced to either get the information from friends or fill in certain gaps by using my own common sense.
Take, for instance, the expression "to eat humble pie." During the reign of Louis the Fat, the culinary arts flourished in France to a degree unequaled anywhere. So fat was the French king that he had to be lowered onto the throne with a winch and packed into the seat itself with a large spatula. A typical dinner (according to DeRochet) consisted of a thin crepe appetizer, some parsley, an ox, and custard. Food became the court obsession, and no other subject could be discussed under penalty of death. Members of a decadent aristocracy consumed incredible meals and even dressed as foods. DeRochet tells us that M. Monsant showed up at the coronation as a weiner, and Etienne Tisserant received papal dispensation to wed his favorite codfish. Desserts grew more and more complex and pies grew larger and larger until the minister of justice died trying to eat a seven-foot "Jumbo Pie." "Jumbo" pie soon became "jumble" pie and "to eat a jumble pie" referred to any kind of humiliating act. When the Spanish seamen heard the word "jumble," they pronounced it "humble," although many preferred to say nothing and simply smile.
Now, while "humble pie" goes back to the French, "take it on the lam" is English in origin. Years ago, in England, "lamming" was a game played with dice and a large tube of ointment. Each player in turn threw dice and then jumped around the room until he started bleeding. If a person threw seven or under he would say the word "quintz" and proceed to spin quickly. If he threw over seven, he was forced to give every player a part of his feathers and was given a good "lamming." Three "lammings" and a player was "kwirled" or declared immoral. Gradually any game with feathers was called "lamming" and feathers became "lams." To "take it on the lame" meant to put on feathers and later, to escape, although the transition is unclear.
Incidentally, if two of the players disagreed on the rules, we might say they "got into a beef." This term goes back to the Renaissance when a man would chase a woman by rubbing the side of her head with a piece of meat. If she pulled away, it meant she was spoken for. If, however, she assisted by holding the meat to her face and pushing it all over her head, it meant she would marry him. The meat was kept by the bride's parents and worn as a hat on special occasions. If, however, the husband took another lover, the wife could end the marriage by running with the meat to the town square and yelling, "With thine own beef, I do reject thee. Aroo! Aroo!" If a couple "took to the beef" or "had a beef" it meant they were arguing.
Another marriage custom gives us that beautiful expression of dislike, "to look down one's nose." In Persia it was considered a mark of great beauty for a woman to have a long nose. In fact, the longer the nose, the more desirable the female, up to a certain point. Then it became funny. When a man proposed to a beautiful woman he awaited her decision on his knees as she "looked down her nose at him." If her nose itched, he was accepted, but if she sharpened her nose with a rock and began poking him on the neck and shoulders, it meant she loved another.
……
Well, I hope you've enjoyed some of these slang origins and that they make you investigate some on your own. And in case you were wondering about the term used to open this study, "the cat's pajamas," it goes back to an old burlesque show of Chase and Rowe's, the two crazy German professors. Dressed in big coats, Bill Rowe stole some poor victim's pajamas. Dave Chase, who had "poor hearing”, would ask him:
CHASE: Ach, Herr Professor. Vot is dot bulge under your pocket?
ROWE: Dot? Dot's de chap pajamas.
CHASE: The cat's pajamas? Ut mein Gott?
Audiences were angered by this sort of act and only a premature death of the team by strangulation kept them from being stars.
陳樂民《文心文事‧難哉譯事》
陳樂民：《文心文事》，北京，三聯，1992/1996
這本書買了，沒讀。二十年過去了，作者早已仙逝。我只細讀過《學海岸邊》 (陳樂民，資中筠合著) ，詳下面的連結。
目錄 · · · · · ·
自言自語（代序）
第一編 文心文事
第二編 中西之分
第三編 歐史鉤稽
自言自語（代序）
第一編 文心文事
第二編 中西之分
第三編 歐史鉤稽
先讀《文心文事‧難哉譯事》(pp.42~54；原書英文打字錯誤多)，很有見解。
網路上有人說陳先生行文"厚道"。
網路上有人說陳先生行文"厚道"。
2019年2月8日 星期五
地中海如何墮落？
corrupt 有汙染之義。其地理分裂、分離，非一般"墮落"意思？
出版年: 2018-12-1
頁數: 907
定價: CNY128.0
裝幀: 平裝
叢書: 全球史譯叢
ISBN: 9787508685892
內容簡介 · · · · · ·
一部真正的新海洋學著作，繼布羅代爾之後，地中海研究的又一扛鼎之作。
全面梳理3000年古代和中世紀地中海世界社會經濟史，重塑前現代歐洲，
重構地中海歷史發展新範式，引領地中海研究的新風向。
地中海是世界古代文明的重要發祥地，而在古希臘，海洋一度被柏拉圖等哲學家視為“又鹹又苦的鄰居”、滋生罪惡的“墮落”之地。本書作者霍登和珀塞爾反其義而用之，在書中強調海上聯繫對於構建地中海社會至關重要的作用。
《墮落之海》力圖從微觀生態（microecologies）視角講述地中海及其沿岸地區3000餘年的人類生活史，重新梳理和評價地中海世界社會史和經濟史的各個層面，其結論顛覆了人類學、農學和地理學中人們長期秉承的許多習以為常的觀念。兩位作者從人與自然環境互動的角度重構了地中海的形象，修正了布羅代爾將地理狀況視為歷史發展決定性因素的觀點，並闡明地中海歷史發展的流動性（mobility）、連通性（connectivity）和非中心化（decentring）特徵。
《墮落之海》是繼布羅代爾之後再度將該地中海作為一個整體並採取長時段分析的扛鼎之作。它視野更為廣闊，涵蓋從史前時代到近代早期地中海的歷史，基於豐富的文獻詳盡論述了我們所能想到的任何主題。
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