loan words/loan translations

"(中國印度那些原始語言)相同的字 大概只可以算是彼此轉借來的字 (loan words)...."
音譯梵書與中國古音




calque
(kălk)
n.
See loan translation.借譯

[French, from calquer, to trace, copy, from Italian calcare, to press, from Latin calcāre, to tread on, from calx, heel.]

n.
A form of borrowing from one language to another whereby the semantic components of a given term are literally translated into their equivalents in the borrowing language. English superman, for example, is a loan translation from German Übermensch. Also called calque.
金克木舉玄奘的".....天愛寧知....." (你這個傻瓜怎麼能知道)
"天神所喜愛的"為阿育王的頭銜 或來轉義為"傻瓜"....

收入 佛教漢語研究 頁440 頁附注