2017年3月8日 星期三

笨重;磅鎊不分,瘋傳(Go viral) , confidant, cognitive dissonance



Samsung heir goes to court, denies bribing S. Korean president

Samsung chief Lee Jae-yong's lawyers have denied he had any involvement in
bribing impeached President Park Geun Hye. He's accused of giving millions
of dollars to one of Park's confidantes.閨蜜




confidant pronunciation

IN BRIEF: n. - Someone to whom private matters are told.
Tutor's tip: She was "confident" (sure of oneself or of something) that her "confidant" (one with whom secrets are shared) would not blab.


A piece in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung said of Grass: "Posing as a self-assured moralist
... " and so on. Both the Saddeutsche Zeitung and the Frankfurter Rundschau complained about the lateness of the admission. But good writers write about the important stuff before they blab about it; good writers don't tell stories before they've written them!

confidant


[名](恋愛問題などで私的に相談できる)信頼のおける人, 心を許せる友, 親友, 腹心の友.
[フランス語]



梯己

ㄊㄧ ㄐㄧˇ tī jǐ  
(01)形容非常親近的。(02)私有的財物。(03)私下親自。例:水滸傳.六一:「來日宋江梯己備一小酌。」

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Words5. 梯己 [ti1ji3], (1) n., secret savings (of housewife, etc.); (2) adj., very partial, confidential (probably standing for 體己): 梯己話 confidential talk; adj., 梯己人 a confidant(e); (3) adv., personally: 梯己送路 send off personally.

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Words8. 體己 [ti3ji0], (1) adj., intimate, confidential: 說體己話 confidential talks; (2) a confidant (e); personal possessions.

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Words15. 心腹 [xin1fu4] ([xin1fu0]), n., (1) trusted aides, confidant: 心腹話 confidential talk, heart to heart talk; (2) 心腹地 central territory, strategic area; (3) one's inner feelings. 
~~~
瘋傳(Go viral)
.......刊出當日便在網絡上瘋傳,令人意外。

Go viral definition and meaning | Collins English Dictionary

https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/go-viral

Go viral definition: (of a video , image , story , etc) to spread quickly and widely among internet users via... |


磅鎊不分的翻譯
Stress Can Make the Pounds Accumulate
By NICHOLAS BAKALAR
By measuring cortisol levels in hair, scientists confirmed a link between long-term stress and obesity.

Google TRANSLATE

壓力可以使英鎊積累 作者:NICHOLAS BAKALAR 通過測量頭髮中的皮質醇水平,科學家證實了長期壓力和肥胖之間的聯繫。

~~~~笨重之翻譯

慈林教育基金會心靈鐵砧相簿中新增了 1 張相片。
【心靈鐵砧】
法國史學家Guizot,有一次問詹姆斯・羅威爾(James Russell Lowell 1819 – 1891,美國詩人、外交官):「美國的局勢能維持多久?」羅威爾回答說:「只要建國先賢們使美國成為一個偉大國家的理想,仍舊繼續主宰一切,則美國就能維持多久。("As long as the IDEAS of the men who founded it continue dominant.")

~~~~



心怀故园,挥拳出击:我在港大学做驻外记者 
周炜乐:初来乍到,我如何向大陆人描述这里发生的一切,才能跨越这些年来身份认知不匹配的沟壑?


認知失調是一個心理學上的名詞,用來描述在同一時間有著兩種相矛盾的想法,因而產生了一種不甚舒適的緊張狀態。更精確一點來說,是兩種認知中所產生的一種不相容的感覺,這裡的「認知」指的是任何一種知識的型式,包含看法情緒信仰,以及行為等。
認知失調理論是費斯汀格在1957年的《認知失調論》一書中提出,只要個人發現到有兩個認知彼此不能調和一致時,就會感覺到心理衝突。因衝突而引起的緊張不安,轉而形成一種內在動機作用,促使個人放棄或改變認知之一,而遷就另一認知,藉以消除衝突,恢復調和一致的心態。
社會心理學家利昂·費斯廷格在1956年首次於其著作《當預言失靈》中提出了此一理論,其觀察幽浮末日教派的成員們對這種反直覺信仰的堅持,以及其領導人的預言失敗後,改信人數的增加。因為地球滅亡的預言失敗,「預期落空」增加了認知間的失調,結果使得大多數沒有心理準備的成員們,為了減緩此一認知失調帶來的緊張感而改去接受新的預言;亦即,外星人已經因為他們而饒恕了這個星球。[1]

認知的不協和(にんちてきふきょうわ、cognitive dissonance)とは、人が自身の中で矛盾する認知を同時に抱えた状態、またそのときに覚える不快感を表す社会心理学用語。アメリカの心理学者レオン・フェスティンガーによって提唱された。人はこれを解消するために、自身の態度や行動を変更すると考えられている。
有名な例として、イソップ物語のキツネとすっぱい葡萄の逸話が知られる。


In psychology, cognitive dissonance is the mental stress (discomfort) experienced by a person who simultaneously holds two or more contradictory beliefsideas, or values, when performing an action that contradicts those beliefs, ideas, and values; or when confronted with new information that contradicts existing beliefs, ideas, and values.[1][2]
Leon Festinger's 1957 theory of cognitive dissonance focuses on how human beings strive for internal consistency. A person who experiences inconsistency tends to become psychologically uncomfortable, and so is motivated to try to reduce the cognitive dissonance occurring, and actively avoids situations and information likely to increase the psychological discomfort.[1]

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