Oxford World's Classics
The ancient world attributed the two epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, the earliest and greatest works of Greek literature, to the poet Homer. Most agree the poems date to second half of the 8th century bc, with the Iliad the earlier, about 750, the Odyssey about 725. This was the age of colonization in the Greek world, and it may be no accident that the Iliad shows an interest in the northeast, towards the Black Sea, while much of the Odyssey looks towards the west. As to Homer himself, the Iliad at least suggests a home on the east side of the Aegean Sea, for storm winds in a simile blow over the sea from Thrace, from the north and west, and the poet seems familiar with the area near Miletus as well as that round Troy. Moreover, the predominantly Ionic flavour of the mixed dialect of the poems suits the cities of the Ionian Greek migration on the other side of the Aegean.
"Hateful to me as the gates of Hades is that man who hides one thing in his heart and speaks another." - Homer
The ancient world attributed the two epics, the Iliad and the Odyssey, the earliest and greatest works of Greek literature, to the poet Homer. Most agree the poems date to second half of the 8th century bc, with the Iliad the earlier, about 750, the Odyssey about 725. This was the age of colonization in the Greek world, and it may be no accident that the Iliad shows an interest in the northeast, towards the Black Sea, while much of the Odyssey looks towards the west. As to Homer himself, the Iliad at least suggests a home on the east side of the Aegean Sea, for storm winds in a simile blow over the sea from Thrace, from the north and west, and the poet seems familiar with the area near Miletus as well as that round Troy. Moreover, the predominantly Ionic flavour of the mixed dialect of the poems suits the cities of the Ionian Greek migration on the other side of the Aegean.
"Hateful to me as the gates of Hades is that man who hides one thing in his heart and speaks another." - Homer
Louden: Achilleus' Hateful Man (Iliad 9.312), Odysseus or Agamemnon?
https://camws.org/meeting/2005/abstracts2005/louden.html
... the entire Iliad, when Odysseus conveys Agamemnon's offer intended to end the quarrel, Achilleus responds by saying "as hateful to me as the gates of Hades******
原譯文採用直接音譯，對於不了解《伊利亞德》的人不容易深入了解，所以找出一種英文翻譯，從脈絡了解。
記得我和韓南時常坐在他的辦公室裏談話，談學問、談學生，談我們需要為 所上做些什麼。韓南走了，我感受到的不僅僅是失去一位摯友及好同事，也是失落 了一個世代，失落了一種在我認識的人裏幾乎只有他最能恰如其分地代表的處世之 道。在《伊利亞德》中有一個耳熟能詳的片段，葛勞可斯在戰場對上比他更為偉大 的戰士戴奧米迪斯，於是發表了一段演說，在其中將人生比喻為世代更迭的葉片。 可是我覺得不怎麼恰當，每一個世代似乎都有獨特的性質和美德，當這個世代結 束，這些美德也隨隨之永遠地遺失了。認識韓南的人就明白我的意思：他是個君子， 真正的君子。
韓南教授追思紀念文宇文所安 * 著 王 翎 ** 譯
“Like the generations of leaves, the lives of mortal men. Now the wind scatters the old leaves across the earth, now the living timber bursts with the new buds and spring comes round again. And so with men: as one generation comes to life, another dies away.”
― Homer, The Iliad
"Like the generations of leaves, the lives of mortal men. Now the wind scatters the old leaves across the earth, now the living timber bursts with the new buds and spring comes around again" - Hippolochus (6. 171-174)
Bk VI:119-211 Glaucus meets Diomedes and tells his lineage
Now Diomedes and Glaucus, son of Hippolochus, met in the space between the armies, eager for the fight. When they had come within range, the son of Tydeus, he of the loud war-cry, called: ‘What mighty man are you, among mortals? I have never seen you on the field of honour before today, yet facing my long-shadowed spear, you show greater daring than all the rest. Unhappy are those whose sons meet my fury. But if you be one of the gods from heaven, I will not fight with the immortals. Not even mighty Lycurgus, son of Dryas, survived his war with the gods for long. He chased the nymphs, who nursed frenzied Dionysus, through the sacred hills of Nysa, and struck by the murderous man’s ox-goad their holy wands fell from their hands. But Dionysus fleeing, plunged beneath the waves, trembling and terrified by the man’s loud cries, and Thetis took him to her breast. Then the gods who take their ease were angered by Lycurgus, and Zeus blinded him. So that, hated by the immortals, he soon died. No way then would I wish to oppose the blessed gods. But if you are mortal, and eat the food men grow, come on, and meet the toils of fate the sooner.’
‘Brave Diomedes’, Hippolochus’ son replied, ‘why ask my lineage? Like the generations of leaves are those of men. The wind blows and one year’s leaves are scattered on the ground, but the trees bud and fresh leaves open when spring comes again. So a generation of men is born as another passes away. Still if you wish to know my lineage, listen well to what others know already.
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